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Thinking about making Germany your new home? You’re not alone—many people from the UK are choosing to relocate to Germany for its great career opportunities and high standard of living.
Germany is a gateway to all of Europe! From Berlin, you’re just a short train ride away from cities like Prague, Warsaw, Amsterdam, and Paris. Prague is under five hours, Paris in eight, and Budapest in half a day. Many trains even have dining cars, making the trip not just fast but a delightful experience, complete with great views and a good book.
While the UK has its share of beautiful landscapes, Germany offers even more variety. The country is nearly 50% bigger than Britain, with a rich natural landscape full of forests, lakes, and mountains. From the sandy beaches of the north to the breathtaking Alps in the south, there’s so much to explore.
And when it comes to getting around by road, Germany’s infrastructure is impressive. With nearly 8,000 miles of motorways (compared to the UK’s 2,300 miles), getting from one place to another is easier and faster. Plus, on over 70% of the motorways, you’ll find no speed limits!
In Germany, anti-social behavior is much less tolerated, and the European Crime Index shows that the country is safer and has lower crime rates than the UK. It’s a place where you’ll feel secure and welcome, with a strong focus on community well-being.
Here is a selection of the things British expatriates appreciate knowing in Germany.
Why Move to Germany?
Relocating from the UK to Germany offers various benefits. Here’s why people make the move:
Career Opportunities
Education
Germany has a world-class education system, including affordable higher education. Public schooling is also free and high-quality, making it a great destination for families.
Quality of Life
With excellent healthcare, social services, and infrastructure, Germany provides a high standard of living. Its strong focus on work-life balance means more time for personal activities.
"What do you enjoy most about living in Germany?
Clean, safe cities, great beer and wine, summer festivals where everyone gets drunk, has a good time but there is no one causing trouble, great hiking and cycling opportunities within easy reach of major cities, skiing in winter, seasonal produce, environmental awareness, Turkish supermarkets, being able to visit another country for the weekend", says James from ExpatsBlog.
Cultural Attractions and Travel
Germany’s rich culture, festivals like Oktoberfest, and easy access to other European countries make it an exciting place to live.
"I would have to say that the best part of living in Germany is that I’m right in the middle of Europe. I can drive to a LOT of countries within 8 hours! It’s amazing!" says Savannah from ExpatsBlog
Better Work-Life Balance
Germans also really value their free time. At the end of the workday, it’s common to hear “Schönen Feierabend,” meaning “have a beautiful evening celebration.” This reflects the German approach to work-life balance – when Feierabend arrives, it’s time to truly disconnect. No more late nights in the office, no work emails during weekends or holidays – just time to relax and recharge.
And yes, Germany is more affordable! Whether it’s dining out, groceries, a pint of beer, or monthly rent, living in Berlin costs less. For instance, rent prices in Germany are approximately 24.1% lower than in the UK. Plus, salaries in Germany tend to be slightly higher, with the average gross wage around €40,000 compared to £37,430 in the UK.
Cultural Differences
Here are key cultural distinctions to keep in mind:
Directness: Germans are known for their straightforward communication. It’s efficient, not rude, and helps avoid misunderstandings.
Punctuality: Being on time is crucial. Whether for work or social events, punctuality shows respect.
Work Ethic: The German work culture is structured, with clear boundaries between work and personal life.
Rules and Regulations: Germans follow the rules closely, from traffic laws to recycling. Understanding local regulations will help you integrate smoothly.
"I think the most jarring difference is that Germans will scold you for any- and- everything that you may do that isn’t perfectly within the rules. For example, if you cross the street where there isn’t a crosswalk, or when the crosswalk isn’t green, even if there are NO cars around for MILES, you might hear a German yelling at you something along the lines of, “think of the children!”, or just how what you’re doing is a harm to yourself and others", says Savannah from ExpatsBlog
Visa and Residency
Post-Brexit Changes Since Brexit, UK citizens must apply for a visa to live and work in Germany for more than 90 days. UK citizens are now considered third-country nationals, needing to comply with visa regulations.
Types of Visas and Residence Permits
- Work Visa
- EU Blue Card
- Student Visa
- Self-Employed Visa
- Family Reunification Visa
Visa Application Process
- Choose the Right Visa: Select the visa based on your reason for moving. Visit the German embassy or consulate website for up-to-date info.
- Prepare Documents: Required documents include proof of income, health insurance, passport, accommodation, and any relevant contracts or university letters.
- Submit Application: Submit your application at the German embassy or consulate. Some visas allow online applications, but most require an in-person appointment.
- Wait for Processing: Visa processing takes a few weeks, so apply early.
- Register in Germany: Upon arrival, register with the local Residents’ Registration Office (Einwohnermeldeamt) within two weeks.
- Apply for German Residence Permit: After registration, apply for your residence permit at the Foreigners’ Office (Ausländerbehörde).
Important Notes:
- Apply for your visa as early as possible to avoid delays.
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Once in Germany, you’ll need to complete the registration process to finalize your residence status.
Housing in Germany
When moving to Germany, finding the right place to live is a top priority. Germany’s housing market is generally stable, but it can be competitive in major cities, especially in sought-after areas. Here’s a detailed look at what to expect when looking for accommodation and some useful tips for securing a place.
Housing Market Overview
Germany’s rental market is regulated, which means rental prices tend to be more transparent compared to some other countries. However, the demand for housing can still outstrip supply, especially in larger cities. Some important points to note:
Major Cities: Cities like Berlin, Munich, Hamburg, and Frankfurt have competitive rental markets, with high demand for both long-term rentals and furnished apartments. Rent in these cities can be on the higher side, especially for centrally located properties.
Smaller Towns and Rural Areas: If you’re looking for more affordable rent, smaller towns or less urbanized areas may offer lower costs. However, there may be fewer options, and availability could be more limited.
Furnished vs. Unfurnished Apartments: In Germany, apartments are typically unfurnished, and landlords often don’t provide appliances like fridges or washing machines. This can be a big change for expats moving from places where fully furnished apartments are more common. If you need a furnished place, look for specific listings offering this option.
Shared Apartments (Wohngemeinschaften or WG): If you’re on a budget or looking for a social living situation, shared apartments (WGs) are popular in Germany, especially among students and young professionals. You can rent a room in a shared flat, which often includes shared common areas like kitchens and bathrooms.
Big move to Germany ahead? Don’t worry, we’ve got your back! At Wunderflats, we make finding your new place easy and hassle-free. Fully furnished apartments, zero surprise costs – what are you waiting for? Let’s get you settled!
Where to Search for Accommodation
When searching for a place to rent, there are several online platforms where you can find listings:
- Immobilienscout24 (www.immobilienscout24.de): One of the largest and most popular property websites in Germany, offering both rental and purchase options.
- Immowelt (www.immowelt.de): Another major platform for finding rental apartments, houses, and shared accommodations.
- WG-Gesucht (www.wg-gesucht.de): A site mainly for finding shared apartments or individual rooms in larger flats.
- Wunderflats (www.wunderflats.com): A platform offering fully furnished apartments across German cities.
- Zillow (www.zillow.de): A good option for more traditional rental properties and housing market trends.
- Facebook Groups: Many cities have expat or housing groups where landlords post available properties or potential roommates look for flatmates.
Tips for House Hunting
When it comes to finding a place to live in Germany, here are some important tips:
Start Early
Know What You’re Looking For
Clearly define your preferences and needs:
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Location: Consider proximity to work, public transport, and amenities. Renting near a public transport station can make commuting easier.
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Budget: Rental prices vary depending on the area and size of the apartment. Set a realistic budget, keeping in mind that utilities (heating, water, electricity) may be an additional cost on top of rent.
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Size: Apartments are often measured by square meters, so check the listing for the size to ensure it fits your needs.
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Furnished or Unfurnished: Decide whether you want a furnished apartment (which might come at a higher cost) or if you’re willing to furnish it yourself.
Check the Rental Contract Carefully
German rental contracts tend to be more detailed than those in other countries. Make sure to review the terms, paying close attention to:
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Duration of the Lease: Most leases are for a minimum of one year. However, you can find shorter-term contracts if necessary.
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Notice Period: Standard notice periods are usually three months, but this can vary. Be sure to know the terms regarding breaking the lease.
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Deposit (Kaution): Landlords often require a security deposit, usually equivalent to two to three months’ rent. This should be clearly stated in the contract, and the deposit must be refunded (minus any damages) when you move out.
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Repairs and Maintenance: Clarify who is responsible for maintenance and repairs. Typically, tenants are responsible for small repairs, but major issues should be covered by the landlord.
Prepare Your Documents
To secure a rental, you will need to present some key documents:
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Proof of Income: Landlords will want to know you can afford the rent, so have your payslips or bank statements ready.
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SCHUFA Credit Report: This is a report of your creditworthiness in Germany. If you don’t yet have one, you may need to explain your situation to the landlord. In some cases, a guarantor can be used if you don’t have a SCHUFA report.
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Rental References: If you’ve rented in the past, a letter of reference from your previous landlord can be helpful.
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Identification: A valid passport or ID will be needed.
Be Ready to Move Quickly
The rental market in Germany can be fast-paced, so if you find a place you like, be prepared to act quickly. This may mean having your documents ready and being available for viewings on short notice.
Use a Relocation Service (Optional)
If you’re feeling overwhelmed or don’t speak German fluently, consider using a relocation service. These services help expats navigate the housing market, handle paperwork, and even negotiate with landlords.
What to Expect When Moving In
Once you’ve found a place, there are a few things to consider before you move in:
Utilities and Service Charges (Nebenkosten): Utilities such as heating, water, and garbage collection are typically not included in the rent and are added as “Nebenkosten” (service charges). For an 85 m² apartment, this will cost €300 per month on average.
Registration: Upon arrival, register with the local Residents’ Registration Office (Einwohnermeldeamt) within two weeks. This process is mandatory in Germany and will allow you to receive your residence permit (if applicable) and tax ID number.
German Healthcare System for Expats
Germany’s healthcare system is one of the best in the world, offering high-quality care. As a resident, having insurance is mandatory. The German healthcare system is divided into two main categories: public health insurance (gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, GKV) and private health insurance (private Krankenversicherung, PKV).
Public vs. Private Health Insurance
- Public Health Insurance (GKV):
Eligibility: Most people in Germany, especially employees, are covered by public insurance. Contributions are based on income (around 14.6% of your salary, split between you and your employer).
Coverage: Covers most medical costs, including doctor visits, hospital stays, medication, and preventive care.
Insurers: There are many public insurers (e.g., AOK, TK, Barmer), and you can choose one that suits your needs.
- Private Health Insurance (PKV):
Eligibility: Available for self-employed individuals, freelancers, and those with higher incomes (above €66,600/year).
Coverage: Offers more comprehensive care, such as faster access to specialists and private rooms, but it can be more expensive.
Contributions: Premiums are based on age, health, and the level of coverage you choose.
How to Register for Health Insurance
- Public Insurance: If employed, your employer will register you. If you’re self-employed or a freelancer, you’ll need to sign up yourself.
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Private Insurance: If eligible, contact a private insurer directly to sign up.
Emergency Care
First, Emergency Services: Call 112 for an ambulance. Emergency care, including hospital visits, is covered by both public and private insurance, though a small fee may apply in some cases.
Second, Emergency Room: Emergency rooms (Notaufnahme) are open 24/7 for urgent cases.
Employment and Working Culture
Germany has a strong and dynamic labor market known for its efficiency, job stability, and high standards of work-life balance. Whether you’re moving to Germany for a job or looking to start your career, it’s important to understand the job market, working conditions, and cultural norms that shape the German workplace.
Job Market Insights
Germany’s economy is the largest in Europe, and the job market offers opportunities in various sectors.
High-Demand Sectors: Tech& IT (software development, cybersecurity, and data analysis), engineering (automotive, aerospace, and mechanical engineering), healthcare, and renewable energy are growing fields. Cities like Berlin and Munich are key hubs.
Job Search Platforms:
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LinkedIn: A popular platform for professional networking and job hunting.
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Indeed: A global job board with a wide range of opportunities in Germany.
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StepStone: A German job board offering positions across various industries.
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Xing: The German equivalent of LinkedIn, widely used by professionals in Germany.
Workplace Etiquette
The German work environment is structured, professional, and values efficiency. Here are some key cultural aspects:
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Punctuality: Being on time is very important; lateness is seen as disrespectful.
- Communication: Germans value directness. Be clear and to the point in all interactions.
- Work Hours: The typical workweek is 40 hours, with flexible hours and options for telecommuting in some industries.
- Work-Life Balance: Germany prioritizes work-life balance with generous vacation days (at least 24 per year). Overtime is uncommon and typically compensated.
- Hierarchy and Titles: German workplaces are hierarchical. Use professional titles unless invited to use first names. Meetings are structured, and decisions are made after careful deliberation.
- Dress Code: Business casual is common in most industries. Formal attire is expected in finance and law, while tech industries may be more casual.
Salary and Benefits
Salaries in Germany are competitive, but they can vary greatly depending on your industry, location, and experience. In general, salaries are higher in larger cities, but the cost of living can also be higher.
Minimum Wage: €9.60 per hour (2023).
Salaries: For tech and engineering roles, salaries range from €45,000 to €70,000 annually. Professionals in finance can earn €80,000 or more.
Benefits: Includes mandatory health insurance, pension contributions, unemployment benefits, and paid vacation.
Education and Schooling
When it comes to education, Germany really stands out. While top universities like Cambridge and Oxford have a global reputation, German universities offer practically free education. UK students pay around £9,000 a year, and international students often pay 2-3 times more (from £10,000 to £38,000 annually), while in Germany, students only pay a small administrative fee (€200 to €500).
Germany offers high-quality, free education at all levels.
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Kindergarten: Optional for children aged 3-6, focusing on social and language development. Fees vary by state.
- Primary and Secondary Education:
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Grundschule (Primary School): For ages 6-10, focusing on basic education.
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Secondary Schools:
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Hauptschule: Prepares for vocational education.
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Realschule: Prepares for middle-level professions or higher education.
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Gymnasium: Prepares for university, leading to the Abitur.
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Duration: Secondary education lasts 5-6 years, depending on the type of school.
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Higher Education
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Universities (Universitäten): Offer academic degrees (Bachelor’s, Master’s, PhD) with a focus on research and theory. Most public universities have no tuition fees for EU students, with a nominal semester fee.
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Universities of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen): Focus on practical, career-oriented programs in fields like engineering, business, and social sciences.
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Private Universities: Typically charge tuition but may offer specialized programs.
Language Support and Integration
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Many schools and universities offer integration programs for non-German speakers.
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International Schools: These are available in major cities, offering education in English or other languages, but typically at a higher cost.
Costs of Education
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Public Schools: Free, though there may be additional fees for materials, activities, and field trips.
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Private Schools: Fees range from €200 to over €1,000 per month.
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Higher Education: Public universities charge minimal fees (around €250-€350 per semester) for administration and services. Private universities charge tuition.
Student Support
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Financial Aid: The BAföG program offers financial assistance to students based on need.
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Accommodation: University dorms are available but in high demand; many students rent private apartments or share housing.
Adult Education
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Vocational Training: The dual education system combines apprenticeships with education, a key path for career development.
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Volkshochschule (Adult Education Centers): Offer affordable courses for language learning, professional development, and personal interests.
Financial Concerns
Opening a German bank account is a must when you move. It’s simple to do, but you’ll need proof of residence and identification. Consider using banks like Deutsche Bank or Commerzbank, or go for an online bank like N26.
Opening a Bank Account
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Types of Accounts: The main account is a current account (Girokonto) for daily transactions. Savings accounts (Sparkonto) are for saving money.
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How to Open: You’ll need proof of identity, residence, and employment or income. Most banks charge a small fee for current accounts, though online banks like N26 may offer free accounts.
Cost of Living
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Rent: Rent varies by city. In cities like Munich and Frankfurt, expect to pay €1,200 for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center. In smaller cities, like Leipzig or Bremen, rent is around €600-€800.
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Groceries: Monthly grocery costs for one person range from €150 to €250.
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Utilities: Expect to pay €150-€250 per month for heating, water, and electricity.
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Transportation: A public transport pass typically costs between €70 and €120 per month.
Taxation
Income Tax: Rates range from 0% to 45%. For example:
Income up to €9,744 (single) is tax-free.
And income between €9,745 and €57,918 is taxed at rates ranging from 14% to 42%.
Income above €274,612 is taxed at the highest rate of 45%.
Social Security: Contributions to health insurance, pensions, and unemployment benefits are split between you and your employer.
VAT: The standard VAT rate is 19%, with a reduced rate of 7% for essentials like food.
Pension and Retirement
Pension Contributions: Employees contribute around 18.6% of their salary to the public pension system.
Private Pensions: Many people opt for additional private pension plans (e.g., Riester or Rürup pensions) to supplement the state pension.
Germany’s calling! Wunderflats helps you find a fully furnished apartment without the headaches. Simple, easy, and ready when you are. Start your journey now!
Language
While many Germans speak English, especially in larger cities, learning German will significantly ease your integration and help you in both personal and professional settings.
Most interactions with authorities (e.g., registration, health insurance) will be in German, so learning basic terms will be helpful.
Mark Twain, known for not being a fan of the German language, once declared:
“I never knew before what eternity was made for. It is to give some of us a chance to learn German.” Even he, who once poked fun at the complexity of the language, eventually came to appreciate it.
So, don’t be discouraged—learning German is a rewarding experience with plenty of humor and charm to keep you motivated!
Complex or not?
While German may have a reputation for being complicated (thanks in part to Mark Twain’s humorous critique), it’s not as difficult as it may seem. The infamous long words like Donaudampfschiffahrtsgesellschaftskapitän (Danube steamship company captain) are rarely used in conversation—and even Germans find them a bit silly.
In everyday speech, German relies on short, simple words that make conversation easy and casual. Phrases like “Na?” (How are you?), “doch!” (Yes, it is!), and “passt schon” (It’s okay) are commonly used, and you’ll quickly find yourself picking them up.
And let’s not forget about the fun and quirky German words. Where else could you learn terms like Kummerspeck (grief bacon—weight gained from emotional eating) or Backpfeifengesicht (literally “cheek whistle face,” meaning someone who has a face begging to be slapped)? Not to mention Arschgeige (literally “arse violin,” a playful insult).
Courses:
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Goethe-Institut and Volkshochschule (VHS) offer German courses for all levels.
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Apps like Duolingo and Babbel are convenient options for learning on the go.
- Language Proficiency Levels:
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The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) outlines proficiency from A1 (beginner) to C2 (fluent). Aim for at least B1 (intermediate) if you plan to work or interact in German-speaking environments.
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Practical Tips
Adjusting to life in Germany can be a lot easier with some practical tips. Here’s how to make your daily life more comfortable and enjoy your time in Germany.
Transport
When it comes to getting around locally, Germany’s public transport system is easy to navigate, reliable, and often much more affordable than the UK, especially for longer-distance travel during peak times. Trains are also faster here—getting from Berlin to Munich in under four hours is no problem!
Recycling
Germany has a strict recycling system. Waste is sorted into categories like paper, plastics, glass, and organic waste. Check local rules for collection days.
BahnCard50
If you travel by train often, the BahnCard50 gives you a 50% discount on standard fares for a year.
Taxes
In addition to income tax, you’ll pay the Rundfunkbeitrag (broadcasting fee) and, if applicable, church taxes.
Renting
Renting often requires a deposit (up to three months’ rent) and proof of income.
Cost of Living
Websites UK residents can use for more information about relocating to Germany:
Official UK government guidance for UK citizens moving to Germany, covering everything from visas to healthcare and taxation.
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/living-in-germany
A resource for expats with information on housing, jobs, finance, and culture in Germany.
https://www.expatica.com/de/
The German government’s official portal for skilled professionals, offering visa and job information for foreign workers.
https://www.make-it-in-germany.com/en/
A community-driven site offering advice and support for UK citizens living in Germany.
https://britishingermany.org/
News, lifestyle, and expat resources in Germany, including insights into culture, work, and daily life.
https://www.thelocal.de/
Benjamin Antoine shares his real and raw experience of living in Germany as a Brit. He discusses the cultural differences, challenges, and rewards of adapting to life in Germany
Relocating from the UK to Germany is an exciting new chapter, and with the right planning and resources, you can make the transition smoothly.
What are the top 9 expat tips?
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Learn the language!
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Join some expat meet-up groups and find a friend who can help you with translations and things when you first arrive.
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Try all those things you didn’t try back home in UK. You can reinvent yourself any way you want!
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Get out, visit festivals and markets, travel to cities, and find out all you can about traditions.
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Read the blogs on expatsblogs.com for other helpful hints and tips about life in the country you are headed to.
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Do your research on how much net you will get from your gross salary because of high taxes. Do your due diligence and request more gross before accepting the job.
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During the winter is cold and grey in Germany, and everyone seems to hibernate from November to March. Get down to the Alps and learn to ski!
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Some restaurants are open on Sundays, but that’s about it. Restaurants and gas stations. Remember to do your grocery shopping on Saturday.
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In Germany, there’s a strong emphasis on social responsibility and good citizenship. There are lots of rules, such as no vacuuming or lawnmowing on Sundays, no car washing at home, and understanding the bin system and waste management.
